The law allows teachers to introduce materials and "ideas" that address the strength and weaknesses of accepted scientific theories, and the materials they choose are up to them. The law was passed so creationists could undermine the teaching of evolution, and anti-AGW'ers climate change. The satire of the first link in the OP points out that never mind that these same people accept without question the validity of gravity, or modern medicines, or many other scientific concepts, they have an agenda on select topics (both through the fear that they are going to be marginalized or lose their profit source) and have been otherwise thwarted in getting creationism or "intelligent design", both religious concepts not scientific ones, pushed in a science classroom where they don't belong under the guise of "critical thinking". If they wanted to teach critical thinking and introduce the unknowns of either evolution or climate science, they'd discuss the uncertainties that still exist in the breadth of the knowledge in those fields from a scientific standpoint and this law wouldn't have been needed, but that's not their goal.
The cherry-picking of what science to accept as true and what not to is astoundingly illogical and hypocritical of these people who try to undermine the teaching of science. I still say that if they're going to try to push religious ideas in science, then turnabout's fair play - we should pass a law that says that every religious group HAS to teach every other religion in their sermons, classrooms, and retreats as well. You go to a Catholic church? Guess what, it's gonna be a law that you have to teach your kids all about Taoism, Atheism, Lutherans, Mormons, Confucianism, Buddhism, Baptism, Ancient Mythology, Native American Spirit Beliefs, etc, and make them study Islam and read the Qu'ran too. How 'bout them apples?
"Now, more than ever, the illusions of division threaten our very existence. We all know the truth: more connects us than separates us. But in times of crisis the wise build bridges, while the foolish build barriers. We must find a way to look after one another as if we were one single tribe.” -King T'Challa, Black Panther
The truth is incontrovertible. Malice may attack it. ignorance may deride it, but in the end, there it is. ~Winston Churchill